The Effect Of An Independent Exercise Program Essay

The Effect Of An Independent Exercise Program - Essay Example In the development of various exercise programs for treating the patients with bronchiectasis it is important to have enough knowledge as for the means of airway clearance methods, their effectiveness and outcomes. There has been made profound research a for the effects and effectiveness of such methods, and it is necessary to discuss them in general and especially concentrate on the PEP method. Abundant research has supported the central role and importance of the retained secretions in initiating the bronchiectatic process. Bronchiectasis is characterized by the effect of mucus hypersecretion, and it is the display of the disease destructive effect. If the secretions are not cleared from the airways, they will nurture the organisms, which in their turn become the reason of chronic inflammation, and support the high level of various toxic byproducts in the lungs of patients. Mucus also serves the means of transporting the chemical products, which seriously damage the lung defense system. In case the patient is diagnosed having excessive amount of mucus in his lungs, there is a threat that the clearance mechanism will be destroyed as well as further promotion of bronchiectasis will be promoted. However, certain researches have been devoted to the evaluation of effectiveness in relation to different airway clearance methods. It is necessary to understand that with the development of new approaches to the bronchiectasis treatment the central role will be devoted to prevention or earlier intervention of the disease, and the excessive use of antibiotics should become the means of emergency rescue means in the most serious cases. The airway clearance therapy should be thoroughly developed and should carry aggressive character, no matter which method exactly is chosen. Any method of airway clearance will enhance the clearance of thick mucus. Airway clearance techniques are divided into several methods and are represented as follows: Mechanical percussion; Positive expiratory pressure; Vibratory positive expiratory pressure; Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation; Etc. Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) or expiratory resistance for COPD promotes the clearance of mucus and the collateral ventilation disease. PEP works through pushing air into the lungs, keeping them open all the time. Through the use of PEP the person breathes in normally, but breathing out is made as if through resistance. The PEP device is usually used with a mask; it is noted that it can also adapted for the delivery of bronchodilators. Shelton (2004) notes, that it is effective without the need for using the postiral drainage, and of course in case it is performed incorrectly, it proves itself to be absolutely ineffective, though this may be said in relation to any other airway clearance techniques. The systematic review of the literature, related with the use and various researches in the area of PEP devices, has been made by Elkins et al. (2004), however, the bigger portion of the studies, found by author, have been considered by him to e of low quality. He has used twenty stu dies in his research, which included 430 participants. According to the literary research, it has been indicated that forced expiratory volume in 1 second was the most common